Counseling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Counseling - Essay Example The main types are ‘anorexia nervosa and binge-eating and usually develop during adolescence or early adulthood’ (Natl. Inst. Of Mental Health). This disorder usually ‘co-occurs with psychiatric disorders like substance abuse, anxiety disorder and depression’ (American Psychiatric Association 2000). People with anorexia consider themselves as overweight although they are already the opposite. They tend to avoid food and meals, become picky and eat only in small quantities. They constantly check their body weight and engage in weight control techniques like too much exercise or ‘purging by means of vomiting and abuse of laxatives, enemas, and diuretics’ (American Psychiatric Association 2000). On the other hand, binge-eaters eat until over full, eat large amounts even though not hungry and don’t practice purging so they become overweight for their age and height. Some of the physiological myths about hunger and satiety include a common bel ief that our blood glucose levels affect our hunger and satiety. But research shows that this is untrue because ‘glucose levels remain fairly stable and do not fluctuate often’ (Stier 2009). Also, they say that our energy levels drop along with our blood glucose and this trigger hunger so we should eat again to restore our levels back to the standard energy level.

The Love Lab Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Love Lab - Essay Example What it takes to sustain a relationship: Gottman Dr. Gottman has suggested several things in the video. First of all, he has advised to get rid of ‘The Four Horsemen of Apocalypse’, insisting that couples tend to create misunderstanding as well as bitterness among themselves by criticizing each other’s actions or thought. Also, sarcasm, cynicism, offending gestures, mockery, indirect insult and other negative behaviors tear two people apart. Stonewalling and defensiveness also prevents spouses from discussing problems with each other. Therefore, according to Dr. Gottman, it is absolutely essential that whenever any occasion of dispute takes place, at least one partner must try to ‘settle’ down or ‘divert’ the topic (Gehart 337). To settle disputes in marriages, Dr. Gottman advised the couples for ‘couple therapy’ and weekend workshops. He also held the view that to sustain a marriage a couple must take certain initiatives lik e building ‘love- maps’ and must share fondness and good memories. Some admiration needs to be present among partners. Above all, they must concentrate on their marriage and hold a positive attitude. This would help in creation of a shared meaning and help the partners to achieve their ambitions and aspirations. Views about the video ‘The Love Lab’ The viewers could understand every details of therapy, or love- procedure of Dr. Gottman. With no extra efforts put on special effects, the video seems to capture a single day of ‘The Love Lab’, more precisely the couple of hours required for diagnosing a couple. At the beginning of the video which is less than five minutes in length, one finds an apparently- happy couple entering the love lab. All the characters who appear in the video look very convincing and rea - including Dr, Gottman himself, his assistants, and ‘happy and not-so- happy’ couples who walk to the ‘The Love Labâ €™ (The Love Lab). Though the video lacks fineness of quality and precision, but nowhere does it fails achieve its objective. One could not trace any sign of extravagance or grandeur on the backgrounds. Rather sometimes it gives the impression of a well-lit moderate apartment. The female- voice protagonist never comes in the front, but provides description and analysis of single action and shift of focus in the video- staring from the type and subject matter of questions that are asked, oral history interview, symptoms of a strongly- connected couple, etc. Soon after this, the video monitors the backstage of the research lab, where highly- trained observers analyze reactions of couple using a special type of coding system. The video shows the whole procedure step by step. Later on the video captures the activities of the couples and research technicians during ‘conflict discussion’. A glance of computers with special type of coding system and other the equipments im plies that Dr. Gottman’s ideologies are based on scientific grounds. The female- voice protagonist simultaneously describes the aspects or parameters of analysis- blood velocity, flooding, fidgeting, sweating palms, heat beats, facial expressions, body movements, and topics of disagreement like disagreement about finances, or maintenance of kids, how they met, warm affectionate memories, etc. Video tapes are used to record minute facial expressions which are later on analyzed using specific codes. At the end of therapy, these tapes are preserved for

Argument for the Abolishment of the Death Penalty

Argument for the Abolishment of the Death Penalty Alvin Soo Death penalty is the capital punishment that has authorization to kill someone as the crimes punishment. The first country that started the death penalty is Babylon. It established the death penalty law at eighteenth century. There are many methods of death penalty that develop over the centuries such as shooting, poisoning, hanging, and others. In the modern century, there are many countries are using the death penalty in the law punishment such as Malaysia, China, and others. According to the website, theguardian, China has the most number of people sentenced to death and its most common death penalty method is shooting. The murderers eyes are covered and their back is facing the shooter. Then the shooters will start firing until the murderers are dead. Death penalty has been a popular discussion since some countries are taking the lead to abolish death penalty. People are debating whether the death penalty should be abolished. In this era, death penalty need to be abolished from t he law because it has negative effects on society, family, and economy. First of all, death penalty is encouraging the racial discrimination. According to the Death Penalty Information Center, most of the death punishments are sentenced to the minority races such as African-American. It is a norm that the society has racial discrimination because people like to be in a group, which has people of similar race or culture. When there is an outsider that doesnt have similarity, they will neglect that outsider and may treat him differently. This is not just happening in the society; it also happens in court. When the judge and jury are making decision in front of the justice, they are still having bias when deciding the punishment because everyone has prejudice and discrimination. Based on NAACP Criminal Justice Department (2017), the death penalty will affect the victims race especially white. This proves that the death penalty is supporting the racial discrimination. Secondly, death penalty is not eliminating the devious from the society. In the modern society, everyone is educated to follow the rules to avoid from committing the crime. However, everyone is not educated to be forgiving sin. Although crimes happened, the murderers are deserved to be given another chance to change their bad behavior and thinking. The devious cannot be stopped by killing the murderers. Instead, the murderers needed be educated in prison to gain the forgiveness and decrease the crime rate. Besides that, death penalty also increases the crime rate. Originally, death penalty is used to discourage the people committing crime by making them scare because one of the humans fears is death. Death penalty also can save other lives by eliminated the people who committed crime but it doesnt help to decreasing the crime rate. Article by Bonner and Fessenden (2000) supports that the states that have no death penalty are having lower of slaughter rate. This is because the death p enalty is replaced by culture and religion. Thirdly, death penalty is having negative effect on moral ethnicity. Moral ethnicity is teaching about the principle of moral. It lets people know that everyone is equal and they are given the same human right even though they committed crime. However, death penalty is giving the wrong ethnicity to the society and family. It is promoting a concept, which the murderers are deserved to have deaths sentence because they committed crime. When that concept is spread into the society, the people will be influenced and may cause more crime happens. The reason is because people will choose to do the death sentence to the murderer without authorization and legal process. In the other hand, it is not right to take over other people life no matter who they are. Slaughter people are against the law; death sentence is also slaughtering people. The only difference between these two is on is illegal and other one is legal. In the view of morality, both are the same because killing people is an amor ality. Fourthly, death penalty is impacting the family education negatively. Family is an important thing in life because everything is started from that first. If death penalty is not abolished, the children will become more extreme with aggressive family education. As mentioned above, death penalty will affect the society and family. If the perspective of death penalty can regulate the society and family. There will be more aggressive family appears and cause the violent crime arise. For an example, if children are having the aggressive punishment because they did the non-moral things like stealing, fighting, and others. Are the parents going to say that they are deserve to have that punishment? Definitely no, because parents have the responsibility to let the children know that whats wrong with that attitude and admit it instead of using the extreme and aggressive punishment to make them afraid. Moreover, death penalty is also affecting the family to be broken. When the murders are sentenced to death, their families are going to be the victim. Death penalty is going to bring the unhappiness to the murderers family and cause the family falls apart eventually. When one of the family members is executed, the rest are going to have tough life especially children. If the children dont have their parents in their childhood, they are more likely to commit crime when they grow up. Based on the news that written by Steve Doughty, the incomplete familys children more likely to fall into the society devious. This proves that the death penalty can cause negative effect on family. In addition, death penalty will also affect the country. Death penalty will give the country bad impression. A mentioned in introduction, death penalty is already existed in 18th century. This law is old and not efficient to control the safety of country. Instead, government should use other law to substitute the death penalty. If the country can abolish the death penalty, it will give a good impression to the international community. That will cause the relationship between the country become better. When there is a country taking the lead to abolish the death penalty, the other countries in the international community will follow it. This will encourage the countries to have globalization within each other. Globalization is the process that the organization develop international influence such as international trade. Country can use the globalization to make its economy become better. It can use international trade to export the produced goods and services. This will increase the G ross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the countrys economy. Death penalty is also costly to the government expenses. According to Chammah(2014), cost of capital punishment is increasing because the wage is increasing. The government needs to hire the worker to in charge of the death penalty. This recruitment is not just hire one worker. Instead, government is going to hire a group of people. Therefore, this will cause the government expenses to increase. When the government needs to find more resources to cover the expense. It will either increase the tax or decrease the other expenses. Increasing taxes will increase the burden of taxpayer and decrease the other expanses will decrease the benefit such as unemployment benefit. Both of this method will decrease the economy. In some peoples perspective, death penalty should be remained because the murderers have no right to decide whether they are sentenced to death. Lets think this in different view point. If one of the murderers is the family member, the perspective of death penalty will be different. The murderers family will appeal to the death penalty because it is too cruel to take away their lives. As the previous paragraph mentioned, everyone should be treated as same and have equal right. Therefore, death penalty should be eliminated from law. In conclusion, I agree and totally support to abolishment of death penalty because death penalty is negatively affecting the family, society, economy, and country. It is also having the bad influence on morality and culture. In order to make the children and countrys future better, death penalty have to be eliminated. References Part I: History of the Death Penalty. (n.d.). Retrieved February 07, 2017, from http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/part-i-history-death-penalty NAACP Death Penalty Fact Sheet. (2017, January 18). Retrieved February 07, 2017, from http://www.naacp.org/latest/naacp-death-penalty-fact-sheet/ Bonner, R., Fessenden, F. (2000, September 21). ABSENCE OF EXECUTIONS: A special report.; States With No Death Penalty Share Lower Homicide Rates. Retrieved February 07, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com/2000/09/22/us/absence-executions-special-report-states-with-no-death-penalty-share-lower.html Doughty, S. (2008, October 21). Broken home children are five times more likely to suffer mental troubles Broken home children are five times more likely to suffer mental troubles . Retrieved February 7, 2017, from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1079510/Children-broken-homes-times-likely-suffer-mental-troubles-says-Government-study.html Dieter, R.C. (1998). The Death of Penalty in America: Current Controversies. H. A. Bedau (Ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

The Neutrino - An Elusive Beast Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research P

The Neutrino - An Elusive Beast An infinite number of neutrinos shoot across the earth's surface every second, radiated by distant stars, and yet it has taken up until the mid 20th century for anyone to realize it. Finding neutrinos in your own backyard is easy. All you need is a ten-ton vat of pure water, 13000 photomultiplier tubes, and $11 million dollars in research funding. More on that later, but first, it would help to know a little more about what you're hunting. The neutrino is an elusive beast possessing neither mass nor charge. The only proof of its existence comes in measuring its recoil effect. In the cold heart of subatomic physics, beyond the protons and neutrons that until recently served as the basic building block of atoms, a wellspring of subnuclear particles have been discovered in recent years. This much-theorized-upon neutrino is one of these particles. Research has discovered three types of neutrinos: the electron neutrino, the tau neutrino, and the muon neutrino. An anti-neutrino particle has also been discovered. All are created as the result of particle decay. Neutrinos, born of decay, are given off as one particle deteriorates into a more stable state. Neutrinos are emitted in positron (another type of subnuclear particle) beta decay while the anti-neutrino is emitted from electron beta decay. As a pion decays into a muon, the muon neutrino emerges along side the muon. When a pion decays, a neutral particle must be emitted in the direction opposite that of the muon in order to conserve momentum. The original assumption was that this particle was the neutrino that conserves momentum in beta decay. In 1962, however, researchers proved that the neutrino accompanying pion decay is different. At t... ...r for the population at large-- make our teeth whiter and cereal flakes stay crunchy in milk -- or is this just science for science's own sake. What's the payback for looking for neutrinos? "Bah!" quips Super-K technician R.J. Wilkes, when asked if neutrino research is a big waste of time. He cites that the neutrino discoveries have opened new doors in astrophysics. Understanding neutrinos means a better understanding of nuclear reactions of stars, as in the explosion of SN1987A. Works Cited: "Detection of the Free Neutrino: A Confirmation", C.L. Cowan, Jr.,F. Reines, F.B. Harrison, H.W. Kruses and A.D. McGuire, Science 124, 103 (1956). "40 Years of Neutrino Physics", Frederick Reines, Progress of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 32, 1 (1994). Websites The University of Washington's Super Kariokande Info Page UC Irvine Physics Department

Negative impact of technology

IntroductionThe paradigm shift in the contemporary society in relation to the learning environment witnessed in the wake of a new light of advancement in technology has had all sorts of impact on various entities in the society. The forces of globalization have been viewed directly as destructive in many ways though this is still debatable as it is subjective of personal judgment.When technology fails to be used constructively or when it does not find an effective application, technology becomes detrimental to autonomy in thinking and action. This technology has seen introduction of the gadgets of science into the classrooms, study rooms and to be specific, to the students’ life. It has impeded the capability of self creativity in students as they leave all thinking to machines like computer and the hi-tech learning gadgets. Most people argue that modern technology has a negative impact on the socialization of students because it eliminates need for physical activity, impairs critical thinking skills, and limits face to face interaction.DiscussionLimits face to face interactionThis is not a subject one would conclude at once by leaning on one particular side. It is therefore imperative to critically look at both sides of the divide and an analyze views on the basis of zero bias. On the contrary, and in support of the argument above, we find that technology has invaded the learning environment and turned it upside down. The introduction of computers in schools, for example, has reduced the level of student- to-student interaction and in its stead placed student-to-computer interaction to rule supreme. (Glenn M. Kleiman (2000) The Digital Classroom- http://www.edletter.org/dc/kleiman.htm).This means that the students spend most of their time relating and communicating with the machines rather than face-to-face interaction of the students to each other. This later on leads to development of ethical dilemmas in the future society. In such a milieu the learne r prefers to associate with ‘non-physical’ characters on TV, net or web. This leads to stereotyping behavior in students. Recent research carried out in 2001, (Seemann, E. et al-(2001).   Also see C. Crawford et al. 2001 and URL: http://www.nsba.org/sbot/toolkit/tiol.html), reveals that the use of computer mediated communication and technology in the learning environment has great impact in changing the lives of students in the classroom. It further indicates that through modern technology, students’ behavior in terms of interactions with the teachers and the tutors is immensely influenced as well as that among the students themselves. This approach, the researchers argue, downplays the significance of social contact hence may lead many students to fail in developing the necessary social skills to function in the world.Impediment to Critical thinkingSecondly, the use of the modern technology in learning environment may be a substantial threat to the ability of students to develop high level of critical thinking. This means that since the use of computer aided communication will entail the fingers pressing for a click of the mouse, liberation of ideas will be thwarted and thus hinder creativity. When there is no liberation of ideas there’s little or no creativity and therefore originality and subsequent development take a back seat. Because of availability of a machine with ready-to-use programs, the student will not care questioning of the present method of approach to a problem and therefore will not discover new ways and means of solving a given problem.Eliminates need for physical activityThe technology can also play quite a significant role in producing laziness in terms of reduced physical dexterity to engage in any exercise that involves exercise to the body. The importance physical exercises play to the body is of great relevance to the healthy development of a physically fit individual. The above research also reiterates th at even physical activity by students becomes a nightmare as the only involvement of the student will be the hand or fingers, the eyes together with ears- if there be any additional item on the list, it should be nothing other than maximum fixation to the screen, (Seaman, E. et al-(2001)).Opposing argumentsOn the other side of the divide lies the great relevance computer aided communication and technology based learning have in modeling individual students in the classroom and the society. Those who argue that the relevance of technology in a learning environment is absolute contend that though the technology may have some negative impacts, the positive achievements are far much superb and outweigh the negative ones.   This argument holds that a student needs to develop the skills referred to as the multiple intelligences (Howard Gardner, 1983).Gardner says that the use of the powerful technological enables speeded development of these intelligences. In addition, human machine int eraction enables an individual to think, communicate and deliberate on ideas through development of creativity in words, speech and writing. Most modern technology like some computer software that allows young children to and illustrate their own narratives or stories before their motor skills are fully developed enhance learning and creativity to start early in life.Even though the use of computer aided communication and the technology in the conveyance of learning information is objected by some, learners are able to interact closely with mathematical intelligences which enable them to memorize, and carry out mathematical operations in addition to thinking mathematically, analytically and logically before applying the understanding to solve problem. Through these modern systems students are able to interact with scientists exploring the depths of certain places but electronically.The students also develop high ability to understand the world they live in through what they see thus developing spatial or visual intelligence. By development of kinesthetic intelligence students are able to learn through dexterity and coordination thus developing the ability to express their feelings better thereby removing any doubts of ethical dilemmas. The students too can have musical intelligence thus be able to perform and appreciate or create music by whichever means, voice, dance or instruments. Though some scholars argue and maintain that use of the technology reduces the student’s socialization capability, others maintain that in the real sense the technology gives the student the chance to gain high levels of interpersonal intelligence thus being able to cooperatively work with others. This is done through electronic networking.RefutationThe bias that is revealed when trying to analyze the argument from one viewpoint is quite evident. Technology has been of great importance in improving the quality of education, the efficiency in acquisition of information and e ffective application of positive changes in the society and realization of the relevance of these changes to the learning environment. At the same time, it would still be unwise to refute the negative impacts of the technology to the social relations, physical activity and critical thinking of the students in their classrooms. However, the positive role played in enhancing the appreciation of technology in the learning environment cannot go without being lauded. The role for sure supersedes by far the demerits that accompany it.ConclusionTo be of maximum benefit and relevance, application of technology in the learning environment must be applied with care and consideration in order to make the learning process to be qualitatively different and attractive. As we embrace the benefits of having technology, we must also prepare to deal with its negativities. This way, the learning process in the classroom can become richer and pose less threat to the values and autonomy of every individ ual student. Otherwise it would have an impact that is not desirable whether the learning environment is home-based or institutional one.References:Seemann, E., Wilkinson, L., et al. Impact of Technology on Socialization of Student in the Classroom, 2001.Kleiman, Glenn M. The Digital Classroom- 2000. Accessed on Friday April 25, 2008 from URL:   http://www.edletter.org/dc/kleiman.htmCrawford et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of Society for Teacher Education and Information

The Biogas Production Worldwide Environmental Sciences Essay

Energy is a necessary accompaniment of human being. Basically, there exist assorted beginnings of energy like coal and other crude oil merchandises that are commercially exploited for many utile grounds. These fossil fuels have become a strong pillar of the economic system and it has penetrated so deep in the mechanism of human life that it has become about impossible to believe of a universe running without fossil fuel. Yet it is a fact that this beginning of energy will non last everlastingly. Once, fossil fuels were available copiously and at low monetary values. However, nowadays its monetary value is high rocketing on the international market and it is besides going really scarce. The immediate consequence of this is that the universe is confronting the phenomena of rising prices and lifting monetary values. Furthermore, today there is an energy crisis that has arisen due to the fright that the blessings of fossil fuel may turn into a curse with its disappearing. In add-on, the combustion of fossil fuels releases C dioxide and other toxic gases in the ambiance and a direct effect of this is planetary heating.1.1 BackgroundEnergy and energy resources can be known to be the anchor for endurance on Earth. Peoples are to a great extent dependent on assorted energy beginnings like coal or fossil fuels so as to run into up with their day-to-day needs whether it is in the power sector, the transit sector or for cookery and warming intents and about 88 % of this demand is met by fossil fuels ( Peter Weiland, 2009 ) . It is predicted that the usage of dodo dodos will come near to exceling oil ingestion by 2017 ( IEA, 2012 ) . On the other manus, nursery gases ( GHGs ) emanations in the environment are besides increasing quickly, with C dioxide being the highest subscriber. Another planetary energy challenge is the depletion of fossil fuels. Due to the increasing demand, the handiness of the fuel is diminishing. In add-on, conventional oil and gas militias are large ly found in politically unstable states, doing its easiness of usage less accessible. In this context, biogas can be derived from wastes, carnal manure or energy harvests so as to run into with the increasing energy demand in the hereafter. Biogas can be defined as a versatile renewable energy beginning which can replace fossil fuels in the power and heat production sector and in the transit sector. It has the capacity to replace natural gas besides for bring forthing chemicals and liquefied crude oil gas for cooking intents. Table.1: comparing of heat values and efficiency of normally used fuels with biogas ( Nabard, 2007 ) Normally used fuels Calorific values in kg Calories Thermal efficiency Biogas 4713/M3 60 % Firewood 2093/kg 11 % Diesel 10550/kg 66 % Kerosene 10850/kg 50 % Gasoline 11100/kg–Biogas production through anaerobiotic digestion ( AD ) procedure has many advantages over other bioenergy signifiers. It is one of the most energy- efficient and environmentally friendly bioenergy engineerings. It non merely reduces the emanation of nursery gases drastically compared to fossil fuels, but it besides produces high class fertiliser as by- merchandise.1.1.1 Biogas production worldwideIn the field of biogas, Germany has built itself a universe top taking place. In 2006, it built 826 biogas systems to a sum increased production unit of 3700, hence doing Germany the figure one biogas- based energy manufacturer ( Energy solutions, 2012 ) . Figure.1: assorted substrates available in Germany holding the possible energy accumulated for biogas production ( Baltic Biogas Bus Project, 2012 ) The worldaa‚Â ¬a„?s biogas market is predicted to make $ 8.98 billion by the twelvemonth 2017, with the desire to cut down dependence on fossil fuels and to concentrate on eco- friendliness biogas plans ( GIA, 2012 ) . Latin America is besides good known for its biogas engineering in municipal natural sewerage intervention and landfill gas engineering. It has identified 25 types of wastes for biogas production. The state has 33 R & A ; D undertakings and since 1977, five undertakings have already been implemented to bring forth biogas from healthful landfills. Latin America produces about 217 million M3 per twelvemonth which is largely used for cookery, illuming, vehicle fuel and town gas. ( H.Naveau, 1993 ) Furthermore, the biogas market has grown quickly in the recent old ages for the cogeneration of heat and power and for the production of bio- methane to be used as vehicle fuel. In the European Union ( EU ) , 17 % of all the energy will hold to be produced from renewable beginnings, and in the conveyance sector it has to make 10 % of the entire harmonizing to the European Directive 2009/28/EC, therefore doing biogas the feasible solution to make this mark. The grounds for holding a spread out on the biogas energy market includes an addition in demand for distributed coevals, terrible environmental regulations originating due to tonss of pollution and an accelerating addition in substructure and vehicle build out accommodating with natural gas. Harmonizing to Pike Research, this fast- turning market reached $ 17.3 billion in planetary gross in 2011, and this will about duplicate by 2022 to an sum of $ 33.1 billion ( Globe- Internet, 2012 ) . biogas_640x383.jpg Figure 1. : Biogas market value by parts ( Pike Research, 2012 )1.1.2 Energy sector in MauritiusMauritius is an island holding no oil, coal militias or natural gas. It is to a great extent dependent on imported energy resources. The Ministry of Renewable Energy and Public Utilities ( MPU ) is responsible for the energy policy including energy, H2O and effluent in the island. The Central Board of Electricity ( CEB ) occupies the coevals, transmittal, distribution and sale of electricity and the State Trading Corporation ( STC ) import crude oil merchandises like gasoil, fuel oil and LPG. With the addition in criterion of life, industrialisation, population growing and more development in the transit sector, the energy demand is mounting at an exponential rate in Mauritius. We are going an energy dependent society and as per the graph below, the exportation of gas oil will be more than doubled by the twelvemonth 2025. Table 1. : Imports of energy beginnings in Mauritius in 2011 ( Energy and H2O statistics, 2011 ) Energy beginning 2011 ( Ktoe ) Gasoline 126.0 Diesel oil 313.0 Kerosene 4.5 LPG 71.6 Coal 409.3 Figure1.3: Prognosis of petroleumn merchandise imports in Mauritius ( Outline Energy Policy, 2007 ) Furthermore, with the depletion of the energy beginnings, the monetary value of the fuel are augmenting, therefore doing it more hard to afford. Hence, to avoid an energy crisis in the hereafter, other signifiers of energy resources need to be exploited which is environmentally friendly and has an infinite modesty. Figure 1.4: Tendency in monetary value of exported fuel from 2002 to 2011 ( Energy and H2O statistics, 2011 ) The figures above demonstrate how Mauritius depends greatly onto dodo fuels, and this tendency is traveling to increase in the old ages to come. Hence, new options need to be found so as to fit with this increasing demand. However, the surrogate options should be in line with the Maurice Ile Durable ( MID ) construct ; a renewable and environmentally friendly beginning. In each and every place in the Mauritanian society, one makes usage of LPG for cooking intents. The existent monetary value of the gas cylinder is Rs540. If the authorities maintains the monetary value at Rs330 for consumers, the STC will hold to look for Rs 820 million for subsidy. This is due to the increasing monetary value of butane and propane in the planetary market. Hence, to rectify this, cooking gas can be obtained locally from anaerobiotic digestion of organic waste to bring forth biogas. It fits in the MID, whereby harmonizing to Pr de Rosnay, 37 % of electricity will come from biomass/biogas by 2028.1.2 RationaleIn Mauritius, we are already a dodo fuel dependent society. Hence, to cut down this job of dependence on the already consuming resource, we can concentrate on the usage of biogas at our place itself. Furthermore, with the construct of the MID, we are following a renewable energy beginning, which in the class of clip can spread out to the production of electricity. Besides, we already have the job of overfilling of our landfill at Mare- Chicose. Thus, by utilizing our family organic waste, we non merely bring forth utile cookery gas, but we besides has as by- merchandise a high class fertiliser and we are relieving the job of our landfill. In add-on, by change overing the gas into methane to be used for cookery intents, big sums of C dioxide are non emitted in the environment, therefore protecting our planet from planetary heating. And besides, we are flinging much of the waste from the environing into utile merchandises. Last, with the enlargement of the biogas energy system in our state, more occupations can be created in the field of energy, whereby Mauritius can subsequently be self- sufficient in the production of cooking gas and finally in the production of electricity, therefore cut downing on imports.1.3 Purposes and AimsThe purpose of this undertaking is to bring forth an improved biogas system that can be adopted in a family for cooking intents along with implementing its safety processes. To accomplish this, the aims identified are: To hold an apprehension of the operation of the procedure to bring forth equal biogas for cookery. To better the biogas system by modifying the old set- up To optimise the system by concentrating on: Design of the system Ratio of substrate to be used Conditionss to see to prefer biogas production To modify a cookery range so as it can run on biogas. To do research lab proving to find the methane composing in the biogas and the warming value. To analyze the hazards and safety procedures associated with the digester and to implement it. To do an appraisal of the sum of gas produced for cookery intents1.4 Structure of studyChapter one- IntroductionThis chapter introduces the undertaking rubric and gives an overview of energy tendency in Mauritius and worldwide and the purpose and aims of the undertaking.Chapter Two- Literature ReviewThe types of anaerobiotic digestion procedure to bring forth biogas and the factors impacting the procedure are discussed, along with the production of biogas in the island. Besides, the safety and hazards associated with the system are identified.Chapter Three- MethodologyThe methods undertaken to build the reactor and analytical testing of the provender and merchandise of the biogas system are considered.Chapter Four- Design and ConstructionThe stuffs of building and cost analysis are assessed.Chapter Five- Results and DiscussionsThe economic analysis and findings from analytical trials are observed and discussed.Chapter Six- Safety ImplementationThe safety safeguards that need to be ap plied to the biogas system are discussed.Chapter Seven- Conclusion, Recommendation, Future worksA sum-up of the purposes of the undertaking is made and some recommendations and future work are mentioned for betterments.